Analysis of The Blessed Virgin Compared to the Air We Breathe

Gerard Manley Hopkins 1844 (Stratford, London) – 1889 (Dublin)



Wild air, world-mothering air,
Nestling me everywhere,
That each eyelash or hair
Girdles; goes home betwixt
The fleeciest, frailest-flixed
Snowflake; that ’s fairly mixed
With, riddles, and is rife
In every least thing’s life;
This needful, never spent,
And nursing element;
My more than meat and drink,
My meal at every wink;
This air, which, by life’s law,
My lung must draw and draw
Now but to breathe its praise,
Minds me in many ways
Of her who not only
Gave God’s infinity
Dwindled to infancy
Welcome in womb and breast,
Birth, milk, and all the rest
But mothers each new grace
That does now reach our race—
Mary Immaculate,
Merely a woman, yet
Whose presence, power is
Great as no goddess’s
Was deemèd, dreamèd; who
This one work has to do—
Let all God’s glory through,
God’s glory which would go
Through her and from her flow
Off, and no way but so.

I say that we are wound
With mercy round and round
As if with air: the same
Is Mary, more by name.
She, wild web, wondrous robe,
Mantles the guilty globe,
Since God has let dispense
Her prayers his providence:
Nay, more than almoner,
The sweet alms’ self is her
And men are meant to share
Her life as life does air.
If I have understood,
She holds high motherhood
Towards all our ghostly good
And plays in grace her part
About man’s beating heart,
Laying, like air’s fine flood,
The deathdance in his blood;
Yet no part but what will
Be Christ our Saviour still.
Of her flesh he took flesh:
He does take fresh and fresh,
Though much the mystery how,
Not flesh but spirit now
And makes, O marvellous!
New Nazareths in us,
Where she shall yet conceive
Him, morning, noon, and eve;
New Bethlems, and he born
There, evening, noon, and morn—
Bethlem or Nazareth,
Men here may draw like breath
More Christ and baffle death;
Who, born so, comes to be
New self and nobler me
In each one and each one
More makes, when all is done,
Both God’s and Mary’s Son.
Again, look overhead
How air is azurèd;
O how! nay do but stand
Where you can lift your hand
Skywards: rich, rich it laps
Round the four fingergaps.
Yet such a sapphire-shot,
Charged, steepèd sky will not
Stain light. Yea, mark you this:
It does no prejudice.
The glass-blue days are those
When every colour glows,
Each shape and shadow shows.
Blue be it: this blue heaven
The seven or seven times seven
Hued sunbeam will transmit
Perfect, not alter it.
Or if there does some soft,
On things aloof, aloft,
Bloom breathe, that one breath more
Earth is the fairer for.
Whereas did air not make
This bath of blue and slake
His fire, the sun would shake,
A blear and blinding ball
With blackness bound, and all
The thick stars round him roll
Flashing like flecks of coal,
Quartz-fret, or sparks of salt,
In grimy vasty vault.
So God was god of old:
A mother came to mould
Those limbs like ours which are
What must make our daystar
Much dearer to mankind;
Whose glory bare would blind
Or less would win man’s mind.
Through her we may see him
Made sweeter, not made dim,
And her hand leaves his light
Sifted to suit our sight.
Be thou then, O thou dear
Mother, my atmosphere;
My happier world, wherein
To wend and meet no sin;
Above me, round me lie
Fronting my froward eye
With sweet and scarless sky;
Stir in my ears, speak there
Of God’s love, O live air,
Of patience, penance, prayer:
World-mothering air, air wild,
Wound with thee, in thee isled,
Fold home, fast fold thy child.


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Poetic Form
Metre 1111001 10110 11111 11101 0111 111101 110011 0100111 110101 010100 111101 1111001 111111 111101 111111 110101 101110 110100 101100 100101 110101 110111 1111101 100100 100101 110101 1111 111111 111111 111101 110111 100101 101111 111111 110101 111101 110111 111101 100101 111101 011100 111100 011110 011111 011111 11101 11110 01110101 010101 011101 101111 01011 111111 111011 101111 111101 1101001 111101 0111 1101 111101 110101 11011 110101 11100 111111 110101 111111 110101 011011 111111 11011 011101 11111 111111 111111 11111 1011 1101001 111111 111111 111100 011111 110011 11011 1111110 010110110 11101 011101 111111 110101 111111 110101 011111 111101 1100111 010101 110101 011111 101111 111111 01011 111111 010111 1111011 111101 110111 110111 111111 101111 110111 001111 1011101 111111 10110 1100101 110111 011111 10111 11011 101111 111111 110101 1100111 111011 111111
Closest metre Iambic trimeter
Characters 3,411
Words 627
Sentences 18
Stanzas 2
Stanza Lengths 33, 93
Lines Amount 126
Letters per line (avg) 21
Words per line (avg) 5
Letters per stanza (avg) 1,306
Words per stanza (avg) 313
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Submitted on May 13, 2011

Modified on May 03, 2023

3:08 min read
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Gerard Manley Hopkins

Reverend Father Gerard Manley Hopkins, S. more…

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